<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<tem xmlns="http://www.teachengineering.org/tem/elements/1.0/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.teachengineering.org/tem/elements/1.0/ http://www.teachengineering.org/schemas/tem.xsd"><identifier>http://www.teachengineering.org/view_lesson.php?url=collection/cub_/lessons/cub_enveng/cub_enveng_lesson03.xml</identifier><docType>lesson</docType><format>text/xml</format><language/><title>An Underground River</title><creator>Integrated Teaching and Learning Program, </creator><keywords><keyword>aquifer</keyword><keyword>drinking water</keyword><keyword>environmental engineering</keyword><keyword>groundwater</keyword><keyword>porosity</keyword><keyword>permeability</keyword><keyword>pollution</keyword><keyword>water</keyword></keywords><vocabulary><word>aquifer</word><word>groundwater</word><word>evaporation</word><word>condensation</word><word>transpiration</word><word>precipitation</word><word>water cycle</word><word>gaining stream</word><word>losing stream</word><word>porosity</word><word>permeability</word><word>Darcy’s law</word><word>water table</word><word>confined aquifer</word><word>inconfined aquifer</word><word>saturated zone</word><word>vadose zone</word><word>confining layer</word></vocabulary><summary>Students learn how water flows through the ground, what an aquifer is, and what soild properties predict groundwater flow. Groundwater is one of the largest sources of drinking water, so environmental engineers need to understand groundwater flow in order to tap into this important resource. Environmental engineers also study groundwater to track the movement of pollution from the surface. </summary><engrConnection>
		
			
				Groundwater is an important source of drinking water in the world, and one that is at growing risk of becoming polluted by fertilizers, pesticides and industrial pollutants such as dry cleaning chemicals and dyes. Environmental engineers are challenged to clean the groundwater and restore it to a natural or usable state so that it remains free of harmful chemicals that could contaminate the drinking water supply and make people sick.
			
		
	</engrConnection><learningObjectives><learningObjective>Describe groundwater as a useful water resource for drinking water.</learningObjective><learningObjective>Understand how porosity and permeability relate to groundwater flow.</learningObjective><learningObjective>Describe the role of engineers in the study of groundwater.</learningObjective><learningObjective>Describe the cause and effect relationship of chemical pollution on groundwater resources.</learningObjective></learningObjectives><timeRequired unit="minutes">50</timeRequired><publisher>TeachEngineering.org</publisher><contributors><contributor>Malinda Schaefer Zarske</contributor><contributor>Janet Yowell</contributor><contributor>Melissa Straten</contributor></contributors><references><reference>http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxfaq.html</reference><reference>http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/earthgw.html</reference><reference>http://www.epa.gov/iris/</reference></references><eduStandards><eduStandard><id>S1141717</id><locale>International_Technology_Education_Association-ITEA_STL_Standards</locale><type>Technology</type><description>D. The management of waste produced by technological systems is an important societal
issue.</description><lowgrade>6</lowgrade><highgrade>8</highgrade></eduStandard><eduStandard><id>S11424EA</id><locale>Colorado</locale><type>Science</type><description>a. Explain how the arrangement and
motion of particles in a substance
such as water determine its state
</description><lowgrade>6</lowgrade><highgrade>6</highgrade></eduStandard><eduStandard><id>S11425AB</id><locale>Colorado</locale><type>Science</type><description>c. Identify problems, and propose
solutions related to water quality,
circulation, and distribution - both
locally and worldwide
</description><lowgrade>6</lowgrade><highgrade>6</highgrade></eduStandard><eduStandard><id>S11426DF</id><locale>Colorado</locale><type>Math</type><description>b. Evaluate expressions by substituting
whole number values for variables</description><lowgrade>6</lowgrade><highgrade>6</highgrade></eduStandard></eduStandards><geoCoverage>United States</geoCoverage><rights>Copyright 2012 - Integrated Teaching and Learning Program, College of Engineering, University of Colorado at Boulder</rights><rights>http://www.teachengineering.org/policy_ipp.php</rights><isPartOf>http://www.teachengineering.org/</isPartOf><created type="W3CDTF">2011-11-29</created><gradeLevel lowerbound="5" upperbound="7">6</gradeLevel><audience>Teacher</audience></tem>

