http://www.teachengineering.org/view_lesson.php?url=collection/cub_/lessons/cub_human/cub_human_lesson02.xmllessontext/xmlIntegrated Teaching and Learning Program, musclemovementhuman bodyexerciseastronautcardiacskeletalatrophyengineerspacemicrogravityvoluntary muscle controlinvoluntary muscle controlsmoothActin and MyosinBicepCardiac muscleDeltoidGluteus maximusMicrogravityMyofibrilMyologyPectoralisQuadricepsRectus abdominusSkeletal muscleSmooth muscleTendons

This lesson covers the topic of muscles. Students learn about the three different types of muscles in the human body and the effects of microgravity on muscles. Students also learn how astronauts need to exercise in order to lessen muscle atrophy in space. Students discover what types of equipment engineers design to help the astronauts exercise while in space.

Engineers need to understand how the human body works in order to help astronauts stay healthy in outer space. The microgravity of outer space leads to muscle atrophy, and so scientists and engineers at NASA work to design special exercise machines to help the astronauts maintain muscle strength during space flight. List the three different kinds of muscles.Describe the difference between voluntary and involuntary muscle control.Explain what happens to muscles in outer space.Describe the importance of exercising both on Earth and in outer space. 15TeachEngineering.orgJessica ToddSara BornEmily WellerAbigail WatrousDenali LanderMalinda Schaefer ZarskeJanet YowellBedford, Anthony and Fowler, Wallace. Engineering Mechanics: Statics/Dynamics, Second Edition, Addison-Wesley Longman, Inc.: New York, 1999.Fox, Stuart. Human Physiology, Ninth Edition, McGraw-Hill Science: New York, 2005. http://exploration.nasa.gov/articles/14feb_heart_lite.htmlhttp://spaceresearch.nasa.gov/general_info/pumpingiron.htmlhttp://www.nasa.gov/pdf/64249main_ffs_factsheets_hbp_atrophy.pdfhttp://www.nasa.gov/pdf/64247main_ffs_factsheets_fitness.pdfhttp://kidshealth.org/kid/body/muscles_noSW_p5.htmlhttp://kidshealth.org/kid/body/muscles_noSW.htmlParker, Steve. How the Body Works, ed. Dorling Kindersley Limited, London. Reader’s Digest Books: New York, 1999.http://www.nasa.gov/audience/formedia/presskits/ffs_interactive.htmlhttp://www.fitness.gov/nutrition.htmlhttp://training.seer.cancer.gov/module_anatomy/unit4_3_muscle_types.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MyofibrilS11417F6International_Technology_Education_Association-ITEA_STL_StandardsTechnologyE. Technological advances have made it possible to create new devices, to repair or replace certain parts of the body, and to provide a means for mobility. 35S11416ECInternational_Technology_Education_Association-ITEA_STL_StandardsTechnologyK. Tools and machines extend human capabilities, such as holding, lifting, carrying, fastening, separating, and computing. 35S1142558ColoradoSciencea. Develop and communicate an evidence-based scientific explanation regarding how humans address basic survival needs 55S114255AColoradoSciencec. Assess further scientific explanations regarding basic human body system functions 55United StatesCopyright 2012 - Integrated Teaching and Learning Program, College of Engineering, University of Colorado at Boulderhttp://www.teachengineering.org/policy_ipp.phphttp://www.teachengineering.org/2011-03-305Teacher