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<tem xmlns="http://www.teachengineering.org/tem/elements/1.0/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.teachengineering.org/tem/elements/1.0/ http://www.teachengineering.org/schemas/tem.xsd"><identifier>http://www.teachengineering.org/view_lesson.php?url=collection/cub_/lessons/cub_rock/cub_rock_lesson04.xml</identifier><docType>lesson</docType><format>text/xml</format><language/><title>How Mountains are Formed</title><creator>Integrated Teaching and Learning Program, </creator><keywords><keyword>asthenosphere</keyword><keyword>continental collision</keyword><keyword>crust</keyword><keyword>Earth</keyword><keyword>lithosphere</keyword><keyword>mountain</keyword><keyword>plate boundary</keyword><keyword>rock</keyword><keyword>rock cycle</keyword><keyword>subduction zone</keyword><keyword>tectonic plate</keyword><keyword>tunnel</keyword><keyword>world</keyword></keywords><vocabulary><word>asthenosphere</word><word>basaltic</word><word>complex mountains</word><word>continental collision</word><word>continental crust</word><word>convergent plates</word><word>divergent plates</word><word>oceanic crust</word><word>fault-block mountains</word><word>felsic</word><word>lithosphere</word><word>tectonic plates</word><word>transform plates</word><word>subduction zone</word></vocabulary><summary>Students investigate how mountains are formed. Concepts include the composition and structure of the Earth’s tectonic plates and tectonic plate boundaries, with an emphasis on plate convergence as it relates to mountain formation. Students learn that geotechnical engineers design technologies to measure movement of tectonic plates and mountain formation, as well as design to alter the mountain environment to create safe and dependable roadways and tunnels.</summary><engrConnection>
		
			
				Engineers create tunnels through mountains for transportation purposes. Before constructing a mountain tunnel, geotechnical engineers bore test holes into the mountain rock to sample and analyze the material that will be bored or drilled into during tunnel construction. To succeed with these big projects, engineers must have a solid understanding of the drilling process, and the composition and features of the mountain of interest — both of which are determined during the mountain’s ancient formation.
			
		
	</engrConnection><learningObjectives><learningObjective>Explain the connection between tectonic plates and mountain formation.</learningObjective><learningObjective>Describe several types of technologies designed by engineers that are related to mountain formation, including tools and processes for measuring formation, predicting natural hazards, and determining the location of natural resources.</learningObjective></learningObjectives><timeRequired unit="minutes">20</timeRequired><publisher>TeachEngineering.org</publisher><contributors><contributor>Marissa Hagan Forbes</contributor><contributor>Malinda Schaefer Zarske</contributor><contributor>Denise W. Carlson</contributor></contributors><requirements><requires>http://www.teachengineering.org/collection/cub_/lessons/cub_rock/cub_rock_lesson4_tectonicplatesconvergencehandout-overhead.doc</requires><requires>http://www.teachengineering.org/collection/cub_/lessons/cub_rock/cub_rock_lesson4_tectonicplatesconvergencehandout-overhead.pdf</requires></requirements><references><reference>http://www.mountainnature.com/geology/platetectonics.htm</reference><reference>http://wrgis.wr.usgs.gov/parks/pltec/converge.html</reference><reference>http://www.wvgs.wvnet.edu/www/geology/geolf001.htm</reference></references><eduStandards><eduStandard><id>S11416D0</id><locale>International_Technology_Education_Association-ITEA_STL_Standards</locale><type>Technology</type><description>F. New products and systems can be developed to solve problems or to help do things that
could not be done without the help of technology.
</description><lowgrade>6</lowgrade><highgrade>8</highgrade></eduStandard><eduStandard><id>S11425AE</id><locale>Colorado</locale><type>Science</type><description>a. Gather, analyze, and communicate an
evidence-based explanation for the
complex interaction between Earth's
constructive and destructive forces
</description><lowgrade>6</lowgrade><highgrade>6</highgrade></eduStandard></eduStandards><geoCoverage>United States</geoCoverage><rights>Copyright 2012 - Integrated Teaching and Learning Program, College of Engineering, University of Colorado at Boulder</rights><rights>http://www.teachengineering.org/policy_ipp.php</rights><isPartOf>http://www.teachengineering.org/</isPartOf><created type="W3CDTF">2011-11-24</created><gradeLevel lowerbound="6" upperbound="8">7</gradeLevel><audience>Teacher</audience></tem>

