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<tem xmlns="http://www.teachengineering.org/tem/elements/1.0/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.teachengineering.org/tem/elements/1.0/ http://www.teachengineering.org/schemas/tem.xsd"><identifier>http://www.teachengineering.org/view_lesson.php?url=collection/duk_/lessons/duk_lunar_muscle_less/duk_lunar_muscle_less.xml</identifier><docType>lesson</docType><format>text/xml</format><language/><title>Lunar Learning</title><creator>Engineering K-Ph.D. Program, </creator><keywords><keyword>Moon</keyword><keyword>Rotation</keyword><keyword>Axis</keyword><keyword>Revolution</keyword><keyword>Waxing</keyword><keyword>Waning</keyword></keywords><vocabulary><word>Moon</word><word>Phases </word><word>Rotation</word><word>Axis </word><word>Revolution</word><word>Full Moon</word><word>New Moon</word><word>Crescent Moon</word><word>Waxing</word><word>Waning </word><word>Lunar Eclipse</word><word>Solar Eclipse</word></vocabulary><summary>Why does the Moon not always look the same to us?  Sometimes it is a big, bright, circle, but, other times, it is only a tiny sliver, if we can see it at all.  The different shapes and sizes of the slivers of the Moon are referred to as its phases, and they change periodically over the course of a lunar month, which is twenty-eight days long.  The phases are caused by the relative positions of the Earth, Sun, and Moon at different times during the month.  </summary><engrConnection>
		
			
				The Apollo moon landings were one of the most important engineering achievements of the 20th century, and a thorough understanding of the positions of the Earth, Moon, and Sun in space made it possible.
			
		
	</engrConnection><learningObjectives><learningObjective>Identify the cyclic phases of the Moon.</learningObjective><learningObjective>Explain the positioning of the Earth, Moon, and Sun at each phase.</learningObjective><learningObjective>Distinguish between waxing and waning.</learningObjective></learningObjectives><timeRequired unit="hours">1</timeRequired><publisher>TeachEngineering.org</publisher><contributors><contributor>Teresa Tetlow (Creator/Editor), Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University</contributor><contributor>Catie Liken (Creator/Editor), Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University</contributor></contributors><references><reference>Clarke, Phillip, Corinne Henderson, Laura Howell, Kirsteen Rogers, and Alastair Smith. 2002.  The Usborne Internet-Linked Science Encyclopedia, Usborne Publishing Ltd, London.</reference><reference>Graham, Ian.  The Best Book of the Moon. Kingfisher: New York.  </reference><reference>Simon, Seymour.  The Moon.  Simon &amp; Schuster:  New York.</reference></references><eduStandards><eduStandard><id>S10283A4</id><locale>North_Carolina</locale><type>Science</type><description>3.02  Observe that objects in the sky have patterns of movement including:&lt;br /&gt;&amp;#8226; Sun.</description><lowgrade>3</lowgrade><highgrade>3</highgrade></eduStandard><eduStandard><id>S10283A7</id><locale>North_Carolina</locale><type>Science</type><description>3.03  Using shadows, follow and record the apparent movement of the sun in the sky during the day.</description><lowgrade>3</lowgrade><highgrade>3</highgrade></eduStandard><eduStandard><id>S10283A8</id><locale>North_Carolina</locale><type>Science</type><description>3.04  Use appropriate tools to make observations of the moon.</description><lowgrade>3</lowgrade><highgrade>3</highgrade></eduStandard><eduStandard><id>S10283A9</id><locale>North_Carolina</locale><type>Science</type><description>3.05  Observe and record the change in the apparent shape of the moon from day to day over several months and describe the pattern of changes.</description><lowgrade>3</lowgrade><highgrade>3</highgrade></eduStandard><eduStandard><id>S102846C</id><locale>North_Carolina</locale><type>Science</type><description>5.01  Analyze the components and cycles of the solar system including:&lt;br /&gt;&amp;#8226; Sun.</description><lowgrade>6</lowgrade><highgrade>6</highgrade></eduStandard><eduStandard><id>S1028478</id><locale>North_Carolina</locale><type>Science</type><description>5.03  Relate the influence of the sun and the moon's orbit to the gravitational effects produced on Earth.  Solar storms. </description><lowgrade>6</lowgrade><highgrade>6</highgrade></eduStandard></eduStandards><geoCoverage>United States</geoCoverage><rights>Copyright 2012 - Engineering K-Ph.D. Program, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University</rights><rights>http://www.teachengineering.org/policy_ipp.php</rights><isPartOf>http://www.teachengineering.org/</isPartOf><created type="W3CDTF">2008-09-26</created><gradeLevel lowerbound="3" upperbound="6">3</gradeLevel><audience>Teacher</audience></tem>

