Curricular Unit: Environment

People cannot live without the essentials of light, air, water and soil provided by the natural environment. Environmental engineers are concerned with the interconnectedness among elements of the natural and human-built environments. click for copyright

Grade: 4 (3-5)

Time Required:

Summary

Through 10 lessons and more than 20 hands-on activities, students are introduced to the concept of an environment and the many interactions within it. As they learn about natural and human-made environments, as well as renewable and non-renewable natural resources, they see how people use our planet's natural resources and the many resulting environmental issues that exist in our world today. Topics include: solid waste disposal; the concepts of reduce, reuse, recycle and compost; the causes and effects of water pollution and the importance of water treatment and clean-up methods; air pollution and air quality and the many engineering technologies to prevent it and clean it up; land use and community planning, seeing how decisions made by people have a long-term impact on our natural world; and renewable energy sources, seeing how solar, water and wind energy can be transformed into electricity. In the hands-on activities, students: create a yarn "web" to identify environmental interactions, which they tally and graph; use Moebius strips (loops of paper with a half twist) to demonstrate the environmental interconnectedness and explore natural cycles (water, oxygen/carbon dioxide, carbon, nitrogen); conduct an environmental issue survey to gather and graph data and use an opinion spectrum; brainstorm ways that they use and waste natural resources; use cookies to simulate the distribution of nonrenewable resources; collect, categorize, weigh and analyze classroom solid waste for a week; build and observe a model landfill; evaluate alternative product packaging; use models to investigate the process and consequences of water contamination; design and build water filters; observe and discuss a balloon model of an electrostatic precipitator; build particulate matter collectors; observe and discuss a model of a wet scrubber; dig into the newspaper's daily air quality index; act as community planning engineers to determine optimal structure placement in a community; investigate the thermal storage properties of sand, salt, water and paper to evaluate their suitability as passive solar thermal mass; design and create models for new waterwheels within time and material constraints; build model anemometers; and create publications to communicate what they have learned.

Engineering Connection

Environmental engineers are involved in a wide range of projects due to the countless intersections between the natural and human-made environments. Their challenges may involve pollution, waste disposal, recycling, land use, saving wilderness areas, product packaging, new energy sources, and how we use the planet's natural resources. Engineers find innovative ways to conserve our air, water and land resources, sometimes in the form of improved fuel and energy efficiencies. Engineers use their understanding of natural cycles to design and build systems that provide clean water and protect water supplies. This may take the form of gigantic infrastructure or creative "low-tech" solutions for remote communities. Some engineers devise better ways to get rid of our everyday garbage — a challenge that includes everything from reducing initial waste to transforming existing trash into usable materials. Engineers clean up contaminated soil, water and air; as well as modify systems to prevent future environmental destruction. They create landfills that don't add to pollution, devise recyclable materials and better industrial processes, and create smarter packaging. Engineers contribute to community land use design, planning neighborhoods, water treatment facilities, traffic flow and public transportation systems, striving to minimize harm to the environment. Engineers apply their understanding of energy to harnessing renewable solar, wind and water resources to create electricity. For example, designing wind turbines requires consideration of the Earth's surface, wind direction, average outside temperature, the impact by and on birds and insects, and extreme forces on the turbines. Engineers usually work as part of teams, and need to communicate and listen well. They consider all viewpoints, weigh pros and cons, investigate solutions, and propose strategies. Engineers also suggest behavior and policy changes. They document their work in the form of drawings, prototypes and test results, and explain technical concepts to various audiences.

Keywords: air, environment, environmentalism, land, natural resources, natural world, nature, pollution, recycle, resources, waste, water

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