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Lesson: From Sunlight to Electric Current Contributed by: Techtronics Program, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University
Learning Objectives (Return to Contents) At the end of the lesson, the student should...
Introduction/Motivation (Return to Contents) Students can be posed with the question of "how could you take the same energy that the sun provided to cook food in our solar ovens and use it to power _______(insert any one of a number of electric devices)?" A related demo can also grab their attention: A related demonstration can also grab their attention. The electrons in silicon (Si) generally do not contain enough energy to jump the "band gap" and so they are considered frozen. To demonstrate this, a bucket filled with ice cubes can represent silicon with electrons in the frozen state. The bucket should be connected to another bucket by a clear plastic tube attached towards the bottom of each bucket. The sun can then be represented by a hair dryer. The hair dryer melts the ice representing the release of the electrons by the sun. Additionally, the sun raises the electric potential (voltage difference from one point to another) of each PV cell (creating an Electric field at the PN junction - this does not need to be taught to the students). The melted ice (water) will now flow in the direction of the other bucket, representing current. Lesson Background & Concepts for Teachers (Return to Contents) How a Photovoltaic Cell Works Energy of sunlight is transferred to electrons, allowing them to jump to the next orbital and cross the band gap. These electrons are now mobile and current will flow. For a more detailed understanding, please see http://science.howstuffworks.com/solar-cell.htm Vocabulary/Definitions (Return to Contents)
Associated Activities (Return to Contents)
Lesson Closure (Return to Contents)
Attachments (Return to Contents) Assessment (Return to Contents) Assessment is closely tied to the closure described above. The teacher can directly ascertain whether the students "get it" based on their ability to discuss and describe the behavior of the solar panels. Further questioning can easily be worked in regarding the other concepts such as current, conservation of energy, light interaction, etc as they all relate to the PV cell. Contributors Rahmin Sarabi, Primary Content Creator, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Roni Prucz, Primary Content Creator, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke UniversityCopyright © 2004 by Engineering K-Ph.D. Program, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke Universityincluding copyrighted works from other educational institutions and/or U.S. government agencies; all rights reserved. Supporting Program (Return to Contents) Techtronics Program, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke UniversityLast Modified: September 26, 2008 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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