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Activity (Hands-On)Grades 6 - 8

Make a Shoebox Arcade Controller

A photograph shows a red-painted shoebox with a red-ball joystick and two big, round plastic arcade push buttons (green, red) mounted on its top surface. A red wire connects the box to a nearby laptop that has a video game interface on its monitor.A completed and functional shoebox arcade controller interfaces with an online computer game.

What is inside a video game controller? Students learn about simple circuits and switches as they build arcade controllers using a cardboard box and a MaKey MaKey—an electronic tool and toy that enables users to connect everyday objects to computer programs. Each group uses a joystick and two big push button arcade buttons to make the controller. They follow provided schematics to wire, test and use their controllers—exploring the functionality of the controllers by playing simple computer games like Tetris and Pac-Man. Many instructional photos, a cutting diagram and a wiring schematic are included. This activity also introduces students to basic computer science principles. They explore how the MaKey MaKey communicates with a computer via simple algorithms that interpret button presses and joystick movements as inputs.

Having an understanding of electronics, circuitry, and programming is essential for engineers, especially those involved in software and hardware integration. Electrical engineers design circuits that control devices, while computer engineers write software that interprets user inputs, such as button presses or joystick movements. This combination of electrical systems and programming is fundamental to many technologies, from video games to embedded systems in everyday objects, showcasing how engineers must understand both physical and digital systems to design functional, interactive products.

After this activity, students should be able to:

  • Identify circuit components and explain their importance.
  • Explain the role of engineers in designing video game controllers.
  • Assemble a system based on simple circuits.

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