Highlighting the Neuron
Engineers use an electrode to stimulate specific parts of a rat's brainCopyright 2009 Vdegroot, Wikimedia Commons {PD} http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:WAGrij_electrode.jpg
In this lesson on the brain's neural networks, students investigate the structure and function of the neuron. They discover ways in which engineers apply this knowledge to the development of devices that can activate neurons. After a review of the nervous system—specifically its organs, tissue, and specialized cells, called neurons—students learn about the parts of the neuron. They explore the cell body, dendrites, axon and axon terminal, and learn how these structures enable neurons to send messages. They learn about the connections between engineering and other fields of study, and the importance of research, as they complete the lesson tasks.
Engineers who wish to develop prototypes to support the medical field require a foundational understanding of many biological processes, such as the ability for neurons to transfer messages throughout an organism by tranmitting nerve impulses.Specifically, electrical engineers who design brain machine interfaces (BMIs), which enable brains to have communication pathways to external devices, must make connections between their knowledge of circuits and the ways in which neurons function. Current research in neural activity and its connection to engineering solutions is vital in supporting, and enhancing the lives of individuals with nerve-related injuries.
After this lesson, students should be able to:
- Use a diagram to describe the function of the neuron.
- Apply their understanding of the neuron to examine biomedical applications.
- Define ways in which current research may support patients with nerve-related injuries using their understanding of the neuron.