Slide Right on by Using an Inclined Plane
Students explore building a pyramid, learning about the simple machine called an inclined plane. They also learn about another simple machine, the screw, and how it is used as a lifting or fastening device. During the associated hands-on activity, students see how the angle of inclination and pull force can make it easier (or harder) to pull an object up an inclined plane.
A Mayan temple.
Engineers use simple machines to build taller, stronger and more durable buildings. They use inclined planes in the design of many devices. For example, ramps are inclined planes that make it easier for people in wheelchairs move to a higher location instead of using the stairs. Parking garages are designed on the use of inclined planes to get cars to the next level of parking. Screws are used to raise something or fasten two or more things together. Engineers design machines around large screws, such as drilling rigs to raise oil or dirt, and use smaller screws to fasten together a wide range of items, from the space shuttle to an electric toothbrush.
After this lesson, students should be able to:
- Describe inclined planes and how engineers use them in their everyday applications.
- Define a screw as is an inclined plane wrapped around a rod.
- Explain how a screw can be used to move materials, like rock, upwards.
- Describe how engineers take simple machines into consideration when designing contemporary projects.