DNA Build
Students reinforce their knowledge that DNA is the genetic material for all living things by modeling it using toothpicks and gumdrops that represent the four biochemicals (adenine, thiamine, guanine, and cytosine) that pair with each other in a specific pattern, making a double helix. They investigate specific DNA sequences that code for certain physical characteristics such as eye and hair color. Student teams trade DNA "strands" and de-code the genetic sequences to determine the physical characteristics (phenotype) displayed by the strands (genotype) from other groups. Students extend their knowledge to learn about DNA fingerprinting and recognizing DNA alterations that may result in genetic disorders.
Students model DNA using gumdrops and toothpicks
Biomedical engineers study which specific DNA sequences code for certain characteristics as they investigate genetic disorders such as color blindness, Down syndrome, cystic fibrosis and hemophilia. Engineers develop technologies to recognize certain DNA mutations. Biomedical engineers study genes and DNA to develop technologies that could manipulate or replace genes that are damaged or missing. Gene therapy has many implications for the diagnosis, treatment and possibly prevention of human diseases such as cancer, cystic fibrosis and heart disease.
After this activity, students should be able to:
- Explain that certain DNA sequences code for specific characteristics.
- List several types of engineers and engineering technologies that rely on DNA sequences.
- Investigate basic gene sequences to determine the genotype and phenotype of an individual.